# Antigen <sup>v1</sup>

[![Build Status](https://secure.travis-ci.org/zsh-users/antigen.png)](http://travis-ci.org/zsh-users/antigen)

Antigen is a small set of functions that help you easily manage your shell (zsh)
plugins, called bundles. The concept is pretty much the same as bundles in a
typical vim+pathogen setup. Antigen is to zsh, what [Vundle][] is to vim.

> [Donate to Antigen](https://gum.co/antigen)

Antigen has reached a certain level of stability and has been used in the wild
for around a couple of years. If you face any problems, please open an issue.

Note: Please read the commit comments of the changesets when you pull a new
version of antigen.

## Show off

> Enough talk. Let's fight!
>   -- Po, Kung-fu Panda.

You're going to experience antigen right in your open shell. No `.zshrc`
tweaking and reading the rest of this documentation. Kinda like an ice-cream
sample, if you will.

Get and load antigen.

    curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zsh-users/antigen/master/antigen.zsh > antigen.zsh
    source antigen.zsh

There. You now have all the antigen goodies. Let's try install some plugins. How
about some color to start with. Get the [syntax highlighting plugin][] by
running

    antigen bundle zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting

Now let it do its thing and once you're back at your prompt, try and type a
command. See that? Colors!

So, you do git? ruby? git and ruby? There are lots of awesome plugins over at
oh-my-zsh. Treat yourself to some.

    antigen bundle robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh plugins/ruby
    # Or for the lazy,
    antigen bundle git

There are lots of plugins out there in the wild and people are writing zsh
utilities as small scripts all the time. Antigen is compatible with all of them.
The plugins and scripts don't need any special handling to be compatible with
antigen.

Another example, [kennethreitz's autoenv][autoenv] (or [my fork][f-autoenv] of
it). Just a bundle command away.

    antigen bundle sharat87/autoenv

And boom! you have all the autoenv goodness. Just remember how you used to do
these before antigen, clone it, modify your zshrc to source it, load a new
terminal, all just to test it out. Duh!

A subtle aspect of this is that you can tell antigen to grab just about anything
from anyone's `dotfiles` repo, as long as it is in a directory under any repo on
github.

And themes? How would you like a fancy new prompt for yourself?

    antigen theme funky

No? Not your taste? There are many themes available to you, check out the
oh-my-zsh's [page on themes][].

You can install themes from unofficial repos too!

    antigen theme XsErG/zsh-themes themes/lazyuser

See? It's easy! To see how that works, refer to [the section on the
`antigen theme` command further down](#antigen-theme).

Note: Many of those plugins and especially themes, assume you have the core
library of oh-my-zsh loaded. So, if you want to experiment further, issue a

    antigen use oh-my-zsh

and continue until you're tired. At which point you can come back to this page
;)

## Usage

So, now that you're here, I suppose you are convinced and want antigen running
your shell all the time. Sweet. Let's do it.

First, clone this repo, probably as a submodule if you have your dotfiles in a
git repo,

    git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/antigen.git

The usage should be very familiar to you if you use Vundle. A typical `.zshrc`
might look like this

    source /path-to-antigen-clone/antigen.zsh

    # Load the oh-my-zsh's library.
    antigen use oh-my-zsh

    # Bundles from the default repo (robbyrussell's oh-my-zsh).
    antigen bundle git
    antigen bundle heroku
    antigen bundle pip
    antigen bundle lein
    antigen bundle command-not-found

    # Syntax highlighting bundle.
    antigen bundle zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting

    # Load the theme.
    antigen theme robbyrussell

    # Tell antigen that you're done.
    antigen apply

Open your zsh with this zshrc and you should see all the bundles you defined
here, getting installed. Once its done, you are ready to roll. The complete
syntax for the `antigen bundle` command is discussed further down on this page.

You can find more examples in the wiki: [Antigen in the wild][wild].

## Motivation

If you use zsh and [oh-my-zsh][], you know that having many different plugins
that are developed by many different authors in a single (sub)repo is not very
easy to maintain. There are some really fantastic plugins and utilities in
oh-my-zsh, but having them all in a single repo doesn't really scale well. And I
admire robbyrussell's efforts for reviewing and merging the gigantic number of
pull requests the project gets. We need a better way of plugin management.

This was discussed on [a][1] [few][2] [issues][3], but it doesn't look like
there was any progress made. So, I'm trying to start this off with antigen,
hoping to better this situation. Please note that I'm by no means a zsh or any
shell script expert (far from it).

[1]: https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/issues/465
[2]: https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/issues/377
[3]: https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/issues/1014

Inspired by vundle, antigen can pull oh-my-zsh style plugins from various github
repositories. You are not limited to use plugins from the oh-my-zsh repository
only and you don't need to maintain your own fork and pull from upstream every
now and then. I actually encourage you to grab plugins and scripts from various
sources, straight from the authors, before they even submit it to oh-my-zsh as a
pull request.

Antigen also lets you switch the prompt theme with one command, just like that

    antigen theme candy

and your prompt is changed, just for this session of course (unless you put this
line in your `.zshrc`).

## Commands

### antigen bundle

This command tells antigen to install (if not already installed) and load the
given plugin. The simplest usage follows the following syntax.

    antigen bundle <plugin-name>

This will install and load the `plugins/<name>` directory from [robbyrussell's
oh-my-zsh][oh-my-zsh] (can be changed by setting `ANTIGEN_DEFAULT_REPO_URL`).

However, the above is just syntax sugar for the extended syntax of the
`antigen bundle` command.

    antigen bundle [<url> [<loc>]]

where `<url>` is the repository url and it defaults to [robbyrussell's
oh-my-zsh][oh-my-zsh] repo (can be changed by setting `ANTIGEN_DEFAULT_REPO_URL`
discussed further down). `<loc>` is the path under this repository which has the
zsh plugin. This is typically the directory that contains a `*.plugin.zsh` file,
but it could contain a completion file or just many `*.zsh` files to be sourced,
or it could simply be a file (with any extension) that you want to source.
`<loc>` defaults to `/`, which indicates the repository itself is a plugin.

An example invocation would be

    # The following is the same as `antigen bundle ant`. But for demonstration
    # purposes, we use the extended syntax here.
    antigen bundle https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh.git plugins/ant

This would install the ant plugin from robbyrussell's oh-my-zsh repo. Of course,
github url's can be shortened.

    antigen bundle robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh plugins/ant

And since this repo is the default, even that isn't necessary. But we can't
specify the `loc` without giving the first argument.

For this and a few other reasons, `antigen bundle` also supports a simple
keyword argument syntax, using which we can rewrite the above as

    antigen bundle --loc=plugins/ant

Which picks up the default for the `url` argument, and uses the `loc` given to
it.

*Note* that you can mix and match positional and keyword arguments. But you
can't have positional arguments after keyword arguments.

    antigen bundle robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh --loc=plugins/ant

And keyword arguments don't care about the order in which the arguments are
specified. The following is perfectly valid.

    antigen bundle --loc=plugins/ant --url=robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh

You can also specify a local directory on your file system as a bundle. In this
case, make sure the path you give is the absolute path (i.e., starts with a
`/`). Relative paths are not supported. If the repo you gave is a local
directory path, then it is not necessary that this path is a git repo. Please
refer to the notes on `--no-local-clone` below.

This command can also be used from your shell environment. This allows you to
install plugins on the fly and try them out. Of course if you want a bundle to
be available every time you open a shell, put it in your `.zshrc`.

Other keyword-only arguments accepted:

`--branch={git-branch-name}` &mdash; Specify the branch of the git repo to be
used for this bundle (without the braces of course). The default is whatever
branch the clone comes with, which is usually `master`. For example,

    antigen bundle github-user/repo --branch=develop

This will get the plugin as in the branch `develop`.

Note that if you specify two plugins to be loaded from the same git repo, but
different branches, then two separate clones of this repo will be maintained.
This is a small implementation detail and shouldn't influence you in any way.

`--no-local-clone` &mdash; This command can be useful if you are developing a
plugin and already have a clone on your local file system. If this argument is
not given, even if the given repo url is a local path, a clone is made in the
`$ADOTDIR/repos`, and the plugin is loaded from that clone. But, if you give
this argument, the plugin is sourced straight from the repo location, without
creating a clone. For example,

    antigen bundle /absolute/path/to/the/plugin --no-local-clone

Note that if the repo url is *not* an absolute local path or a branch has been
specified with the `--branch` option, this argument has no effect. That is,
for this option to have any affect, the repo url must be an absolute local path
and no `--branch` should be specified.

Also, if the local path given as the url is not a git repo, then this
argument is forced as it doesn't makes sense to *clone* something that's not a
git repo. This property can be used to load any utility scripts you have in your
dotfiles repo. For example,

    antigen bundle $HOME/dotfiles/oh-my-zsh/custom

In addition to the above discussed arguments, `antigen bundle` also takes a
`btype` keyword-only argument, that is used internally. You shouldn't be
concerned with this argument, its only used internally and will probably go away
in the future.  It indicates whether the bundle is a theme or a simple plugin.

### antigen bundles

If you have a fair number of bundles, using the `antigen bundle` command can
look cumbersome. You can use the `antigen bundles` command to *bulk* define
bundles instead of individual calls to `antigen bundle`.

Usage is pretty straightforward. Just pipe the bundle specifications, just as
you would give to the `antigen bundle` command, one per line, into the
`antigen bundles` command. The easiest way to do this, is using the heredoc
syntax.

    antigen bundles <<EOBUNDLES
      # Guess what to install when running an unknown command.
      command-not-found

      # The heroku tool helper plugin.
      heroku
    EOBUNDLES

This is equivalent to

    antigen bundle command-not-found
    antigen bundle heroku

Of course, as you can see, from the lines piped to `antigen bundles`, empty
lines and those starting with a `#` are ignored. The rest are passed to
`antigen bundle` without any quoting rules applied. They are actually `eval`-ed
with the `antigen bundle` command. See the source if you want to really
understand how it works. Its a very small function.

*Note*: Indenting the contents inside the EOBUNDLES heredoc is not required for
antigen-bundles to work. Its allowed (and encouraged) to improve readability.

### antigen update

This is something you might not want to put in your `.zshrc`. Instead, run it
occasionally to update all your plugins. It doesn't take any arguments.

    antigen update

Please note that the updates that are downloaded are not immediately available.
You have to open a new shell to be able to see the changes. This is a limitation
by design since reloading all the plugins *might* have some nasty side effects
that may not be immediately apparent. Let's just say it can make your shell act
real quirky.

**Please note**: This command is not for updating *antigen* itself. Its for
updating the bundles you are using with antigen. To update your copy of antigen,
use the `selfupdate` command described further below.

### antigen revert <sup>&alpha;</sup>

Reverts the state of all your plugins to how they were before the last
`antigen update`. This command is currently experimental, so don't rely too much
on it. There is a test for it, and it passes, so it should work fine though.

Takes no options.

Insider detail: The information for reverting is stored in
`$ADOTDIR/revert-info` file.  If its not present, reverting is not possible.

### antigen list

Use this command to list out the currently *loaded* plugins. Keep in mind that
this includes any bundles installed on-the-fly.

Takes no arguments. Gives out four entries per line of output, denoting the
following fields of each bundle.

    <repo-url> <loc> <btype> <has-local-clone?>

The `btype` field is an internal detail, that specifies if the bundle is a
`plugin` or a `theme`.

The final field is `true` or `false` reflecting whether there is a local clone
for this bundle.

### antigen cleanup

Used to clean up the clones of repos which are not used by any plugins currently
loaded. It takes no arguments. When run, it lists out the repo-clones that are
available but are not used by any plugin *currently loaded*.

This command, by default asks for confirmation before deleting the unused
clones. If the `--force` argument is given, then this confirmation is not asked.
It straight away deletes all the unused clones. This option makes this command
usable in a non-interactive fashion.

### antigen use

This command lets you load any (supported) zsh pre-packaged framework, like
oh-my-zsh. Usage is

    antigen use oh-my-zsh

Additional arguments may be present depending on the framework you are
`use`-ing. Here are the supported frameworks.

#### oh-my-zsh

This is (almost) the same as

    antigen bundle --loc=lib

So, it basically installs the oh-my-zsh's library as a bundle.

One other thing it does is that some oh-my-zsh plugins expect a `$ZSH` set to
the full path of the oh-my-zsh clone being used. This is also set to the
correct path, if not already set to something else.

Please note that this assumes that the `ANTIGEN_DEFAULT_REPO_URL` is set to the
oh-my-zsh repo or a fork of that repo. If you want to specify the `url` too,
then you can't use the `antigen use oh-my-zsh` short cut. You have to do that
directly with the `antigen bundle` command.

Use

    antigen use oh-my-zsh

in  your `.zshrc`, before any `antigen bundle` declarations. It takes no further
arguments.

#### prezto

This is (almost, but not quite) the same as doing,

    antigen bundle sorin-ionescu/prezto

That is, initializes the canonical repo of the prezto framework. Please note
that prezto support is very new and experimental in antigen. If you find any
bugs, please report over on github issues.

Takes no further arguments.

### antigen theme

Used for switching the prompt theme. Invoke it with the name of the theme you
want to use.

    antigen theme fox

This will get the theme file located at `themes/fox.zsh-theme` in the repo
specified by `ANTIGEN_DEFAULT_REPO_URL`.

To pull themes from other repositories, use `antigen theme` just like
`antigen bundle`. Exactly the same, just make sure the `url` and `loc`
combination point to a theme file, having a `.zsh-theme` extension.

For example,

    antigen theme robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh themes/apple

Will pull the apple theme from the canonical oh-my-zsh repo. Also, note that the
`.zsh-theme` extension is not present. It can be given, its optional.

To get themes from arbitrary git repos (such as gists) use,

    antigen theme https://gist.github.com/3750104.git agnoster

in which case there is a file called `agnoster.zsh-theme` present in the gist at
https://gist.github.com/3750104.

You can use this command to change your theme on the fly in your shell. Go on,
try out a few themes in your shell before you set it in your `.zshrc`.

**Note**: Some themes use functions that are loaded by `antigen use oh-my-zsh`.
So, to avoid any trouble, run `antigen use oh-my-zsh` if you haven't already
before experimenting with themes. If you have `antigen use oh-my-zsh` in your
`.zshrc`, you're covered.

**Note**: Do *not* provide the `--btype` argument to `antigen theme`. Its an
internal argument.

*For the interested, you can read more details on the purpose & workings of the
`theme` command on the comments of issue #78.*

### antigen apply

You have to add this command after defining all bundles you need, in your zshrc.
The completions defined by your bundles will be loaded at this step.

It is possible to load completions as and when a bundle is specified with the
bundle command, in which case this command would not be necessary. But loading
the completions is a time-consuming process, so if the completions were loaded
at every call to `antigen bundle`, your shell will start noticeably slow when
you have a good number of bundle specifications.

However, if you can suggest a way so that this would not be necessary, I am very
interested in discussing it. Please open up an issue with your details. Thanks.

### antigen snapshot <sup>&alpha;</sup>

Creates a snapshot of all the clones you currently have *active* including the
git version hash they are at and save it to a snapshot file. *Active* means, the
clones for those listed by `antigen cleanup` are not included in the snapshot.

Takes one optional argument, the file name in which the snapshot is to be saved.
Defaults to `antigen snapshot`.

**Note**: The snapshot currently *only* contains the details of those bundles
that have a clone. That is, bundles that have `--no-local-clone` set or are
directly sourced from your file system (without a git repo), are not recorded
in the snapshot file.

### antigen restore <sup>&alpha;</sup>

Restore the bundles state as specified in the snapshot. Takes one required
argument, the snapshot file name to read.

Although it restores the clones of the repos specified in the snapshot file, any
other clones present in your environment are not touched. This behavior may
change in the future.

### antigen selfupdate

Use this command to update your copy of antigen. It basically does a `git pull`
on your antigen's clone, *if* it is a git clone. Otherwise, it doesn't do
anything.

Takes no options.

### antigen help

This exists so that there can be some help right in the command line. Currently
it doesn't provide much help other than redirecting you to the project page for
documentation. It is intended to provide more meaning and sub-command specific
help in the future.

I could use some help here as I'm not that good at writing documentation that
looks good as output on the command line.

## Configuration

The following environment variables can be set to customize the behavior of
antigen. Make sure you set them *before* source-ing `antigen.zsh`.

`ANTIGEN_DEFAULT_REPO_URL` &mdash; This is the default repository url that is
used for `bundle` commands. The default value is robbyrussell's oh-my-zsh repo,
but you can set this to the fork url of your own fork.

`ADOTDIR` &mdash; This directory is used to store all the repo clones, your
bundles, themes, caches and everything else antigen requires to run smoothly.
Defaults to `$HOME/.antigen`.

**Note**: `ANTIGEN_REPO_CACHE` & `ANTIGEN_BUNDLE_DIR` &mdash; These variables
were used previously but are now removed. Please use `ADOTDIR` instead, as
mentioned above.

## Running the tests

All the tests are in the `tests` folder and are run using the [cram][] test
system. The latest version on that website, as of today is v0.5, which does not
have the `--shell` argument which is required to run our tests. So, to get the
correct version of cram, run

    pip install -r requirements.txt

With that, once you have cram installed, you can run the tests as

    make

If you are making a feature addition, I'd really appreciate if you can add a
test for your feature. Even if you can add a test for an existing feature, that
would be great as the tests are currently seriously lagging behind the full
functionality of antigen.

## Notes on writing plugins

Most shell utilities/plugins are made up of just one file. For a plugin called
`awesomeness`, create a `awesomeness.plugin.zsh` and code away.

That said, even if you write a single file as a `.sh` file with the goodness you
want to create, antigen will work just fine with it. The `*.plugin.zsh` way is
recommended by antigen, because it is widely used because of the [oh-my-zsh][]
project.

If you want to know how antigen loads the plugins, do continue.

Firstly, antigen looks for a `*.plugin.zsh` file in the plugin directory. If
present, it will source *only* this script. Nothing else is sourced. This is for
oh-my-zsh style plugins.

Secondly, it looks for a `init.zsh` file in the plugin directory. If present, it
will source *only* this script. Nothing else is sourced. This is for prezto
style modules.

Otherwise, it looks for `*.zsh` files and if there are any, *all* of them are
sourced. The order in which they are sourced is not currently defined. Please
don't rely on this order. Nothing else is sourced after all the `*.zsh` scripts.

If no `*.zsh` files are present, it finally looks for any `*.sh` files and
sources *all* of them. Again, the order in which they are sourced in not
currently defined.

No matter which (or none) of the above happen to be sourced, this plugin
directory is added to the zsh's function path (`$fpath`) so that any completions
in it are loaded.

One exception to this rule is that if this plugin is a theme. In which case the
theme script is just sourced and nothing else is done. Not even adding to
`$fpath`.

## A note on external zsh plugins

Antigen downloads zsh scripts and sources them, according to your
specifications. As such, these scripts are capable of doing some *real* damage
to your system. If you are only downloading scripts from oh-my-zsh and/or
prezto, you're probably fine, since there is a second level of manual checking
before a script gets into the framework.

But, if you are adding a script from any other source, please check the source
code of the plugin to see its not doing anything malicious, before adding it to
your `.zshrc`.

## Meta

### Helping out

Antigen is licensed with the [MIT License][license].

To contribute, please read the [contributing wiki page][contributing] before
sending pull requests. If its a long/complicated change, please consider opening
an [issue][] first so we can discuss it out. Thanks!

You may also wish to [donate to the project](https://gum.co/antigen). Thank you
so much!

### Feedback please

Any comments/suggestions/feedback welcome. Please say hello to me
([@sharat87][twitter]) on twitter. Or open an issue to discuss something
(anything!) about the project ;).

### Alternatives to antigen

  * [antigen-hs] - An antigen-inspired zsh plugin manager that tries to do work statically and only on manual invocation, minimizing the zsh startup time. Antigen-hs is much more minimalistic and convention over configuration than antigen.


[Vundle]: https://github.com/gmarik/vundle
[page on themes]: https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/wiki/Themes
[wild]: https://github.com/zsh-users/antigen/wiki/In-the-wild
[syntax highlighting plugin]: https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting
[autoenv]: https://github.com/kennethreitz/autoenv
[f-autoenv]: https://github.com/sharat87/autoenv
[oh-my-zsh]: https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh
[cram]: https://bitheap.org/cram/
[issue]: https://github.com/zsh-users/antigen/issues
[license]: http://mit.sharats.me
[contributing]: https://github.com/zsh-users/antigen/wiki/Contributing
[twitter]: http://twitter.com/sharat87
[antigen-hs]: https://github.com/Tarrasch/antigen-hs